PMC

Comparison of the force gradients (force/time) between gelatin products manufactured by Methods A and B with differing glycerin contents in the Texture Analyzer studies. Mean ± SD (n = 3). *Represents significant difference between the condition of Method A 4% glycerin and those of 0.25% glycerin and 1% glycerin and between the condition of Method A 4% glycerin and that of Method B 1% glycerin (p<0.05, ANOVA); ** represents significant difference between the condition of Method B 1% glycerin and those of Method A 0.25% glycerin, 1% glycerin, and 4% glycerin (p<0.05, ANOVA).

Comparison of heat maps for glycerin model extract: (a) without presaturation of glycerin signals. The red circle corresponds to the intense cluster of glycerin (δ 63.7, 73.1); (b) similar to (a) with manual suppression in the text file of the two bins 63.7 and 73.1 ppm corresponding to the glycerin signals; (c) with presaturation of glycerin signals during ¹³C-NMR analysis of F₁₁, F₁₂, and F₁₃.

pH = 6.825 ± 0.1727 - (TIME x 0.6487 ± 0.07149) + (TIME² x 0.1281± 0.01751)—(TIME³ x 0.00656 ± 0.001143); R² = 0.999, MSE = 0.139. NH₃-N = 9.6399 ± 1.4148 + (glycerin x 0.08728 ± 0.05779) + (glycerin x TIME x 0.146 ± 0.06041)—(TIME x 1.8245 ± 1.1698)—(glycerin x TIME² x 0.03459 ± 0.0148) + (TIME² x 0.2095 ± 0.2866) + (glycerin x TIME³ x 0.002012 ± 0.000966)—(TIME³ x 0.00546 ± 0.01871); R² = 0.381, MSE = 11.75.

Distribution of fluorescent gels on hands after rubbing. (a) Carbopol-based gels containing 2% Glycerin (Carb_Gly 2%); (b) carbopol-based gels containing 0.5% Glycerin (Carb_Gly 0.5%); (c) HPMC-based gels containing 2% Glycerin (HPMC_Gly 2%); (d) HPMC-based gels containing 0.5% Glycerin (HPMC_Gly 0.5%); (e) HEC-based gels containing 2% Glycerin (HEC_Gly 2%); (f) HEC-based gels containing 0.5% Glycerin (HEC_Gly 0.5%). Representative images are shown.